in various growth cycles of plants
In the growth cycle of plants, various types of phytohormones are needed in the germination, seedling, flowering and fruiting stages, but the content inside them is very small. With the deepening of research, people have used chemical synthesis methods to synthesize phytohormones. Many organic compounds with natural hormone physiological activities are called plant growth regulators
Characteristics and classification of plant growth regulators
Characteristics
Plant growth regulators have the characteristics of wide range of effects and many applications. They have significant effects and low residues. Using low concentrations of plant growth regulators can play an important role in regulating plant growth, development and metabolism; some cultivation Problems that are difficult to solve with technology can be well solved through the use of plant growth regulators, such as breaking dormancy, adjusting gender, promoting flowering, chemical pruning, preventing shedding, promoting rooting, enhancing resistance, etc.
classification
Similarity: auxin compounds, gibberellic acid compounds, cytokinin compounds, abscisic acid substances, ethylene releasing agents, brassinolides and endogenous hormone synthesis or transport inhibitors.
Source: Can be divided into natural or biogenic regulators, such as gibberellic acid, zeatin, elicitin, etc.; chemically synthesized regulators; such as sodium nitrophenolate, sodium tea acetate, chlorfenuron: 6-benzylaminopurine, etc. .
Practical application effects: It can be divided into dwarfing agents, rooting agents, fruit expanding agents, ripening agents, defoliants, preservatives, etc.
Stem tip: can be divided into three categories: plant growth promoters, plant growth retardants and plant growth inhibitors
Plant growth inhibitors refer to compounds that can inhibit the biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in apical meristem cells or affect the systemic nature of enzymes, thereby inhibiting the elongation and differentiation of apical meristem cells. The main impact on plant morphology is the loss of plant apical dominance, affecting the growth and differentiation of lateral branches, leaves and reproductive organs, increasing the number of lateral branches and making leaves smaller.
Plant growth inhibitors mainly include metabolic inhibitors (bud inhibitors, regulatory phosphine), anti-auxin inhibitors (competes with auxin for its action site, preventing auxin from exerting its effect, such as triiodobenzoic acid), auxin transport Inhibitors (plastic hormones) and topping agents (linear fatty alcohols or esters), etc.
The function of plant preservatives is to inhibit the respiration and metabolism of fruits and vegetables, reduce the activity of enzymes, control the expansion of latent diseases, the growth and reproduction of spoilage-causing bacteria and the accumulation of toxic substances, and keep the quality of fruits and vegetables fresh. It mainly maintains the freshness of fruits, vegetables, and flowers from physiological and pathological aspects and extends the storage time. According to its functions, it can be divided into the following categories: ethylene remover, antiseptic preservative, coating preservative, gas generating agent, gas regulator, physiological activity regulator, humidity regulator, etc.